UNIVERSE
Totality of everything that exists, including all physical matter and energy, the planets, stars, galaxies, and content of intergalactic space
UNIVERSE
COMMUNITY
POPULATION
ORGANISMS
Organs
Tissues
Cells,
Molecules
PenciptaanobyeksbghasilmanifestasibudayaBIOSPHERE (Ecosystems)
EARTH: Atmosphere, Lithosphere, hydrosphere
GALAXY, PLANETS, STARS
Awareness
Knowledge
Attitude
Skills
Participation
SUSTAINABLEENVIRONMENT
HUMAN
(ACTIVITIES)
Universe
Galaxies
super macroSolar systemASTRONOMI
Planets
Earth ------------SAINS KEBUMIAN
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Macro world Population SAINS HAYATI
Organisms
Organs
Tissues
Micro worldCells
MoleculesUniverse
Galaxies
super macroSolar systemASTRONOMI
Planets
Earth ------------SAINS KEBUMIAN
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Macro world Population SAINS HAYATI
Organisms
Organs
Tissues
Micro worldCells
Molecules
Universe
Galaxies
super macroSolar systemASTRONOMI
Planets
Earth ------------SAINS KEBUMIAN
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Macro world Population SAINS HAYATI
Organisms
Organs
Tissues
Micro worldCells
MoleculesBIDANG AS, BUMI, SR:
1.Pengantar, galaksi& kosmologi
2.Bintang
3.Tatasurya
4.Dinamikabumi& Siklusbatuan
5.Siklusair & siklusatmosfer
6.Arts, Crafts, Design and The Environment
7.Understanding the impacts of lifestyles, behaviors and built environment to the earth
UTS / UA
BIDANG SAINS HAYATI:
1.Pengantar& konsepekosistem
2.Konsepekosistem, & koneksinyadengankehidupanmanusia
3.Komunitas, biodiversity danEvolusi
4.Se, molekuldanfaktorhereditas
5.Populasimanusia& Isulingkungan
6.Dampakkegiatanmanusiathdkualitaslingkungan
7.MasyarakatdanPembangunan berkelanjutanberwawasanlingkungan
UTS /UA
AA
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere:
ecosystems
Atmosphere
the earth’s life-support system
A system made up of a community of animals, plants and microorganisms interrelated together with its physical and chemical environmentChapter 19
Great Idea:
Ecosystems are ecological systems, interdependent communities of living things that recycle matter while energy flows through in a given area, their physical surroundings (environments).ECO-SYSTEM
SYSTEM -ECOLOGY
System -interaction (living & non-living)
System -interconnection
System -networking
System -symbiosis
System -nature
Konteksdalam4 dimensi(ruang& waktu), mencakupinformasitentang: komponen/strukturpenyusun, proses, fungsi, nilaisosio-ekonomi-ekologi(direct & indirect).Ecology
Science of Natural living systems
Ecosystems
Biotic and abiotic interaction, interconnection systems
Community
Producers, consumers, decomposersEcology
Science of Natural living systems
Ecosystems
Biotic and abiotic interaction, interconnection systems
Community
Producers, consumers, decomposersEvery Ecosystem consists of both living and nonliving parts
Energy flows through ecosystems
Matter is recycled by ecosystems
Every organism occupies an ecological niche
Stable ecosystems achieve a balance among their populations
Ecosystems are dynamic, not permanent, but change over timeAbiotic
Chemical and physical environment
Biotic
Living organisms
Ecological community
All in area interacting each otherFood Web
Interactions of organisms
Trophic Levels
Photosynthetic plants
Herbivores
Carnivores
Decomposers
Most energy is lost as heat
10% is transferred17
Most energy in most ecosystems is stored in the bodies of primary producers. Only about 10 percent of the energy at one energy level passes to the next highest trophic level.Ecological niche
Mode of survival
Each plant/animal fills a niche
Organisms compete for dominanceEcological niche
Mode of survival
Each plant/animal fills a niche
Organisms compete for dominanceIt is virtually impossible to change on aspect of a complex system without affecting other parts of the systems, often in as-yet unpredictable ways.
Examples:
Everglades Restoration in FloridaIt is virtually impossible to change on aspect of a complex system without affecting other parts of the systems, often in as-yet unpredictable ways.
Examples:
Everglades Restoration in Florida
Lake Victoria in AfricaIt is virtually impossible to change on aspect of a complex system without affecting other parts of the systems, often in as-yet unpredictable ways.
Examples:
Everglades Restoration in FloridaLake Victoria
Largest freshwater lake in Africa
Introduced species
Nile perch (Ikan duri)
Aggressive predator
Algae blooms
Snail populations carry disease
Roasting fish
Decimated (Membunuh) forests
Increase in erosionSolid Waste
Nothing is ever thrown away
Landfills
Decay slowed enormously
Response
Recycling
Large depositories
% different kind of trashOzone
Molecule of 3 oxygen atoms
Absorbs ultraviolet radiation
The Ozone Layer
Detection
Aircraft sampling
Measure spectral lines from molecule
Stratosphere
Highest concentrationOzone
Molecule of 3 oxygen atoms
Absorbs ultraviolet radiation
The Ozone Layer
Detection
Aircraft sampling
Measure spectral lines from molecule
StratosphereThe Ozone Hole
Concentration of ozone reduced
Yearly occurrence over Antarctica
Linked to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Breaks apart O3molecule
Dealing with the Threat to the Ozone Layer
Reduction of CFCsBurning introduces chemicals
Nitrogen oxides
Sulfur compounds
Hydrocarbons
Effects
Air pollution
Production of bad ozone
Acid rain
Reduction
Reduce emissions
Power plants
VehiclesGreenhouse Effect
Traps heat on earth
Global Warming
Climate change
3 main points
CO2is a greenhouse
gas
Burning fossil fuels increases CO2
Average global temperature has significantly increased
1990s warmest decadeMeasurements in 1958 read 316 ppm and increased to 370 ppm today
Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Fig. 54.26Increased CO2levels
Responsible for temperature increase?
World’s Oceans
CO2exchange with atmosphere
Current circulation
Solar energy output
Varies over time
Impact
Warming of Northern Hemisphere
Ecological impacts
Meteorological impacts
Solutions
Kyoto accordRetreat
Accommodation
Protect
Soft
Hard
Highest concentration
Lake Victoria in Africa
Lake Victoria in Africa
Totality of everything that exists, including all physical matter and energy, the planets, stars, galaxies, and content of intergalactic space
UNIVERSE
COMMUNITY
POPULATION
ORGANISMS
Organs
Tissues
Cells,
Molecules
PenciptaanobyeksbghasilmanifestasibudayaBIOSPHERE (Ecosystems)
EARTH: Atmosphere, Lithosphere, hydrosphere
GALAXY, PLANETS, STARS
Awareness
Knowledge
Attitude
Skills
Participation
SUSTAINABLEENVIRONMENT
HUMAN
(ACTIVITIES)
Universe
Galaxies
super macroSolar systemASTRONOMI
Planets
Earth ------------SAINS KEBUMIAN
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Macro world Population SAINS HAYATI
Organisms
Organs
Tissues
Micro worldCells
MoleculesUniverse
Galaxies
super macroSolar systemASTRONOMI
Planets
Earth ------------SAINS KEBUMIAN
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Macro world Population SAINS HAYATI
Organisms
Organs
Tissues
Micro worldCells
Molecules
Universe
Galaxies
super macroSolar systemASTRONOMI
Planets
Earth ------------SAINS KEBUMIAN
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Macro world Population SAINS HAYATI
Organisms
Organs
Tissues
Micro worldCells
MoleculesBIDANG AS, BUMI, SR:
1.Pengantar, galaksi& kosmologi
2.Bintang
3.Tatasurya
4.Dinamikabumi& Siklusbatuan
5.Siklusair & siklusatmosfer
6.Arts, Crafts, Design and The Environment
7.Understanding the impacts of lifestyles, behaviors and built environment to the earth
UTS / UA
BIDANG SAINS HAYATI:
1.Pengantar& konsepekosistem
2.Konsepekosistem, & koneksinyadengankehidupanmanusia
3.Komunitas, biodiversity danEvolusi
4.Se, molekuldanfaktorhereditas
5.Populasimanusia& Isulingkungan
6.Dampakkegiatanmanusiathdkualitaslingkungan
7.MasyarakatdanPembangunan berkelanjutanberwawasanlingkungan
UTS /UA
AA
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere:
ecosystems
Atmosphere
the earth’s life-support system
A system made up of a community of animals, plants and microorganisms interrelated together with its physical and chemical environmentChapter 19
Great Idea:
Ecosystems are ecological systems, interdependent communities of living things that recycle matter while energy flows through in a given area, their physical surroundings (environments).ECO-SYSTEM
SYSTEM -ECOLOGY
System -interaction (living & non-living)
System -interconnection
System -networking
System -symbiosis
System -nature
Konteksdalam4 dimensi(ruang& waktu), mencakupinformasitentang: komponen/strukturpenyusun, proses, fungsi, nilaisosio-ekonomi-ekologi(direct & indirect).Ecology
Science of Natural living systems
Ecosystems
Biotic and abiotic interaction, interconnection systems
Community
Producers, consumers, decomposersEcology
Science of Natural living systems
Ecosystems
Biotic and abiotic interaction, interconnection systems
Community
Producers, consumers, decomposersEvery Ecosystem consists of both living and nonliving parts
Energy flows through ecosystems
Matter is recycled by ecosystems
Every organism occupies an ecological niche
Stable ecosystems achieve a balance among their populations
Ecosystems are dynamic, not permanent, but change over timeAbiotic
Chemical and physical environment
Biotic
Living organisms
Ecological community
All in area interacting each otherFood Web
Interactions of organisms
Trophic Levels
Photosynthetic plants
Herbivores
Carnivores
Decomposers
Most energy is lost as heat
10% is transferred17
Most energy in most ecosystems is stored in the bodies of primary producers. Only about 10 percent of the energy at one energy level passes to the next highest trophic level.Ecological niche
Mode of survival
Each plant/animal fills a niche
Organisms compete for dominanceEcological niche
Mode of survival
Each plant/animal fills a niche
Organisms compete for dominanceIt is virtually impossible to change on aspect of a complex system without affecting other parts of the systems, often in as-yet unpredictable ways.
Examples:
Everglades Restoration in FloridaIt is virtually impossible to change on aspect of a complex system without affecting other parts of the systems, often in as-yet unpredictable ways.
Examples:
Everglades Restoration in Florida
Lake Victoria in AfricaIt is virtually impossible to change on aspect of a complex system without affecting other parts of the systems, often in as-yet unpredictable ways.
Examples:
Everglades Restoration in FloridaLake Victoria
Largest freshwater lake in Africa
Introduced species
Nile perch (Ikan duri)
Aggressive predator
Algae blooms
Snail populations carry disease
Roasting fish
Decimated (Membunuh) forests
Increase in erosionSolid Waste
Nothing is ever thrown away
Landfills
Decay slowed enormously
Response
Recycling
Large depositories
% different kind of trashOzone
Molecule of 3 oxygen atoms
Absorbs ultraviolet radiation
The Ozone Layer
Detection
Aircraft sampling
Measure spectral lines from molecule
Stratosphere
Highest concentrationOzone
Molecule of 3 oxygen atoms
Absorbs ultraviolet radiation
The Ozone Layer
Detection
Aircraft sampling
Measure spectral lines from molecule
StratosphereThe Ozone Hole
Concentration of ozone reduced
Yearly occurrence over Antarctica
Linked to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Breaks apart O3molecule
Dealing with the Threat to the Ozone Layer
Reduction of CFCsBurning introduces chemicals
Nitrogen oxides
Sulfur compounds
Hydrocarbons
Effects
Air pollution
Production of bad ozone
Acid rain
Reduction
Reduce emissions
Power plants
VehiclesGreenhouse Effect
Traps heat on earth
Global Warming
Climate change
3 main points
CO2is a greenhouse
gas
Burning fossil fuels increases CO2
Average global temperature has significantly increased
1990s warmest decadeMeasurements in 1958 read 316 ppm and increased to 370 ppm today
Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Fig. 54.26Increased CO2levels
Responsible for temperature increase?
World’s Oceans
CO2exchange with atmosphere
Current circulation
Solar energy output
Varies over time
Impact
Warming of Northern Hemisphere
Ecological impacts
Meteorological impacts
Solutions
Kyoto accordRetreat
Accommodation
Protect
Soft
Hard
Highest concentration
Lake Victoria in Africa
Lake Victoria in Africa
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